\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{ctex,siunitx}
\setCJKmainfont{Noto Serif CJK SC}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns, calc}
\usetikzlibrary {decorations.pathmorphing, decorations.pathreplacing, decorations.shapes,}
\begin{document}
\small
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,scale=1.0]
  % \useasboundingbox(0.9,0)rectangle(5.1,5);
  \begin{scope}
    \draw(0,0)circle(1);
    \fill[lightgray,even odd rule](0:0.6)arc(0:5:0.6)--(5:0.9)arc(5:25:0.9)--(25:0.6)arc(25:30:0.6)
    \foreach \x in {30,60,...,330}
    { arc(\x:\x+5:0.6)--(\x+5:0.9)arc(\x+5:\x+25:0.9)--(\x+25:0.6)arc(\x+25:\x+30:0.6) }(0,0)circle(0.52);
    \draw[pattern=north east lines](0,0)circle(0.5);
    \foreach \x in {0,20,...,340} { \fill (\x:0.45) circle (1pt);}
    \foreach \x in {0,30,...,330}
    {
      \draw(\x+7:0.85)--(\x+7:0.8)arc(\x+7:\x+23:0.8)--(\x+23:0.85)arc(\x+23:\x+7:0.85);
      \draw(\x+7:0.7)--(\x+7:0.65)arc(\x+7:\x+23:0.65)--(\x+23:0.7)arc(\x+23:\x+7:0.7);
    }
    \draw(-60:0.9)--++(-30:0.5)node[right]{定子};
    \draw(120:0.5)--++(120:0.7)node[left]{转子};
  \end{scope}
  \begin{scope}[xshift=3.0cm,yshift=-2mm]
    \begin{scope}[yshift=3mm]
      \draw(120:1.3)arc(120:420:1.3)--(60:0.8)arc(60:-240:0.8)--cycle;
      \fill[lightgray](120:0.82)arc(120:420:0.82)--(60:0.9)arc(60:-240:0.9)--cycle;
      \foreach \x in {132.5,157.5,...,420}
      {
        \fill[lightgray](\x-10:0.9)arc(\x-10:\x+10:0.9)--(\x+10:1.2)arc(\x+10:\x-10:1.2)--cycle;
        \draw(\x-7.5:0.95)arc(\x-7.5:\x+7.5:0.95)--(\x+7.5:1.0)arc(\x+7.5:\x-7.5:1.0)--cycle;
        \draw(\x-7.5:1.1)arc(\x-7.5:\x+7.5:1.1)--(\x+7.5:1.15)arc(\x+7.5:\x-7.5:1.15)--cycle;
      }
    \end{scope}
  \draw[pattern=north east lines](0,0)circle(0.5);
  \foreach \x in {0,20,...,340} { \fill (\x:0.45) circle (1pt);}
  \end{scope}
  \begin{scope}[xshift=7.5cm]
    \draw(-2.4,-0.02)--(-2.4,-0.5)--(2.4,-0.5)--(2.4,-0.02);
    \draw[pattern=north east lines](-2.4,0.5)rectangle(2.4,0.02);
    \foreach \x in {-2.2,-1.8,...,2.2}
    {
      \draw(\x-0.2,-0.02)--++(0.075,0)--++(0,-0.3)--++(0.25,0)--++(0,0.3)--++(0.075,0);
      \draw(\x-0.1,-0.05)rectangle(\x+0.1,-0.10);
      \draw(\x-0.1,-0.23)rectangle(\x+0.1,-0.28);
      \fill(\x-0.1,0.07)circle(1pt);
      \fill(\x+0.1,0.07)circle(1pt);
    }
    \draw(0.5,0.4)--++(135:0.5)node[above]{次级};
    \draw(0.7,-0.4)--++(-45:0.5)node[below]{初级};
  \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}